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石油市场习惯于在停止结算之前就看上去已经定下来了。这就是现在的设置。
随着伊朗周边冲突的加剧,霍尔木兹海峡的交通量急剧下降,越来越多的船只因关闭AIS或自动识别系统而陷入黑暗,这些信号通常显示船只在哪里移动。霍尔木兹不只是另一条航道。它是世界上最重要的能源阻塞点之一,因此,当能见度开始消失时,供应风险就会回到对话的中心。
为什么现在这很重要
这很重要,有两个原因。
头条新闻是一回事。市场影响是另一回事。石油不仅关乎有多少桶,还关系到这些桶能否流动,谁愿意为它们投保,买家准备等待多长时间,以及交易者认为他们需要在多大风险的基础上定价。
目前,有三件事同时发生冲突:航运中断、外交脆弱以及市场已经严重倾向于一个方向。这种组合可以使布伦特原油的走势比基本面本身通常所暗示的要快。
是什么推动了这一举动
1 供应能见度恶化
第一个驱动程序很简单。市场看得更少,这往往会让市场更加紧张。
通过霍尔木兹的过境量急剧下降,而越来越多的交通量涉及不再广播标准跟踪信号的船只。简而言之,正常通过重要走廊的船只越来越少,越来越多的活动也变得越来越难以追踪。这并不自动意味着供应即将崩溃。但这确实意味着不确定性正在上升。
2 伊朗的储存缓冲区可能有限
第二个驱动因素是伊朗的出口和储存限制。
陆上储存容量估计约为4000万桶,市场正在关注有人所说的16天红线。到那时,长期的出口中断可能会开始迫使减产,以避免对储油库造成损害。对于新读者来说,要点很简单。如果石油不能储存足够长的时间,问题可能不再是出口延迟,而是开始成为真正的供应问题。
3 定位可以放大移动
第三个驱动因素是定位,这只是市场简写,说明在下一步行动发生之前交易者已经如何进行设置。
在这种情况下,投机性原油头寸显得严重片面。这很重要,因为当市场向一个方向倾斜得太远时,触发急剧调整并不需要太多时间。新的地缘政治冲击可能迫使交易者迅速采取行动,而一旦开始,价格的上涨幅度可能会超过单纯基础新闻所能证明的合理性。
为什么市场在乎
石油冲击很少能在能源市场内得到控制。
较高的原油价格可能会开始出现在运费、制造业和家庭能源账单中。这意味着通货膨胀预期可能会再次开始攀升。各国央行已经在努力管理粘性通货膨胀和疲软增长之间的艰难平衡,因此石油价格上涨会使这项工作变得更加艰难。
这不仅仅是一个关于石油生产商获得提振的故事。当能源成本上升时,航空公司、运输公司和其他对燃料敏感的企业可能会迅速承受压力。如果石油价格上涨使通货膨胀保持强于预期,则更广泛的股市可能还必须重新考虑政策前景。
连锁反应远不止石油
还有一个货币角度,它不如最初出现的那么简单。
当原材料价格上涨时,与大宗商品挂钩的货币,例如澳元,通常会获得支撑。但是这种关系不是自动的。如果石油价格因为全球需求改善而攀升,那可能会有所帮助。如果由于地缘政治风险激增而攀升,则市场可能会转向避险模式,即使大宗商品价格上涨,这也可能打压澳元。
这就是让这种举动比乍一看更有趣的原因。同样的石油涨势可以支撑市场的一个部分,同时给另一部分带来压力。
框架中的资产和名称
布伦特原油仍然是广泛供应风险中最明显的解读。如果交易者想要最简洁的头条新闻表达,通常是他们首先看的地方。
- 埃克森美孚是画面中最明显的名字之一。油价上涨可以支撑已实现的销售价格和短期的盈利势头,尽管这从来都不像石油上涨、囤积那么简单。成本、生产结构和更广泛的情绪仍然很重要。
- NexTera Energy 又增加了一层。这个故事不仅仅是关于化石燃料的。当能源安全成为一个更大的问题时,国内电力弹性、电网投资和替代发电的理由也将得到加强。
- 澳元/美元是另一个值得关注的市场。澳大利亚与大宗商品周期密切相关,因此原材料价格走强有时可以支撑该货币。但是,如果市场对恐惧的反应大于对增长的反应,那么通常的顺风可能不会成立。
对于新读者来说,关键是石油走势不会以整齐的、可预测的线条在市场中传播。它们不均匀地向外波动,帮助某些资产,给其他资产施加压力,有时两者兼而有之。
可能会出什么问题
强烈的叙述与单向交易不同。
停火可以比预期更快地稳定航运。欧佩克+可以通过提高产量来抵消部分紧张局势。来自中国的需求数据可能会令人失望,将焦点转移到消费疲软而不是供应受限上。而且,如果地缘政治溢价消退,石油回落的速度可能比当前情绪所暗示的要快。
对于新读者来说,要点很简单。石油涨势可以是真实的,但不是永久性的。短期内,中断风险可能证明此举是合理的,然后如果这些风险缓解或需求疲软,则迅速逆转。
市场不再孤立地对石油进行定价。这是定价可见性、运输安全性以及供应中断蔓延到通货膨胀、货币和更广泛的风险情绪中的风险。
这就是为什么Hormuz很重要,即使对于从未自己交易过一桶原油的读者来说也是如此。

Upcoming News » 6:30pm Manufacturing Production – GBP Overnight we saw small drops on the DOW and S&P500, Gold settled around its lows still finding support around 1333.50. Oil rallied higher with hopes OPEC will stabilize supply. The USD was mixed as the AUDUSD tested highs.
The USDJPY rallied by 37 pips to test short a term high of 102.55. NAB Australia tips two more RBA rate cuts, despite solid business. Chinese inflation see’s new lows as PBOC signals need for “Innovative” monetary policy.
Asian and local equity markets have been a little stronger than I expected this morning with the Nikki increasing by 86.76 points. ASX200 up by 8.16 points at this point in the session. I expected flatter to slightly weaker sessions today.
The HSI has followed my original thoughts currently lower by 0.19%. The EUR/USD is putting in a stronger Asian session off its lows and holding firm above 1.1070 support. The CAD continues to see sellers as the USDCAD is currently testing its weekly high at 1.3180.
Gold has started to edge lower, I want to see 1333.50 holds on the short term to keep a trend continuation idea in play. I’m seeing some signs we could see some weakness creep into stock indices tonight. A few are sitting and struggling at highs, more on this below.
AUDUSD – Sell idea still forming for me at this point, I’m still looking for it to confirm. Divergence is still present. Buyers are still struggling to break through the upper resistance.
The current move up is in more of an ending diagonal now than a clean cut trend channel. A break out tonight to the upside changes the picture entirely. Until this happens I’m continuing my wait.
GER30 – Seeing a possible sell idea forming. We have seen price hit a previous high and find some selling pressure. The current candle can be seen as an evening star due to its gap.
Divergence is starting to form. A rally tonight through the yesterday’s high cancels this idea out. SPX500 – As with the above, price stalling at highs.
Divergence has formed. I looking for price to close lower tonight to confirm a sell idea. If we have a stronger session tonight and break above 2188 my sell idea will be canceled.
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Report by Deepta Bolaky A buoyant open on Oil markets this week amidst clampdown on corruption. The sudden arrests of a dozen princes, business tycoons and top officials in Saudi Arabia has caused a rally in oil prices, hitting a 2-year high. UKOUSD and USOUSD Source: GO Markets MT4 It is reported that private airports were closed to prevent jets being used for any escape swiftly after King Salman ordered the arrests.
A new anti-corruption commission has been set up and is being led by King Salman’s 32- year old son, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The Crown Prince has been praised for his young and fresh attitude towards politics and has shown his determination in shifting Saudi Arabia away from its heavy dependence on oil. He demonstrated commitment towards foreign and social policy and has played a leading role in removing the ban on female drivers.
However, the Prince’s rapid rise in power, austerity measures and recent arrests have reportedly raised concerns over his motives, particularly within his own royal family. The crackdown came at a time when Saudi Arabia also intercepted a ballistic missile over Riyadh. Iran was accused of supplying the weapon fired towards Riyadh’s airport.
Whilst the war of words has escalated between the two countries since the weekend, putting pressure on oil prices, major US indices appear to be subdued, partly because markets were more focused on tax reforms.

Free-falling gold prices The latest weekly chart for gold does not look favourable for the precious metal. Below we can see that in twelve of the past sixteen weeks, gold prices have ended down and is one of the worst runs for the metal in decades. What is surprising is that the demand for gold continues to fall despite an increasingly volatile geopolitical situation unfolding between the US and China.
If anything, the US Dollar appears to be getting stronger as tensions grow, and as a result gold is feeling the pinch. Given the circumstances, we would expect the opposite for XAUUSD. So what are the possible causes for the loss of interest in this market?
In short, we have so many elements at play here that it would be difficult to pinpoint any one reason. However, as follows, there are a few standout factors which deserve mentioning. Overall Demand According to the World Gold Council, we saw a total demand of 1,959 tonnes during the first half of the year.
This amount is the lowest level since 2009, and a further 2,086 tonnes less than the previous year. Rates Hikes Let's also not forget that the Federal Reserve has lifted interest rates twice this year, and plans further additional raises towards the end of the year. This news alone would typically put pressure on gold and silver prices.
It does pose an interesting question though; what if the two remaining rate hikes predicted for 2018 is already fully priced into the market? Given the media hype surrounding the policy decisions, it would make sense that many have considered this aspect before the recent drop. In short, there isn't much scope for a surprise, so it becomes hard to rationalise this latest activity based on this evidence alone.
Investor Sentiment Another factor could be the onwards and upwards march of US equities. Market sentiment currently favours the equities asset class which makes it a more appealing place to invest capital than metals. This mostly risk-on sentiment keeps driving US stocks higher, despite Washington's woes elsewhere around the globe.
So, with the focus squarely on equities, it's perhaps not a great shock that gold is suffering, as investors will generally flock to the highest yields. Unfortunately, gold as a non-interest bearing asset will always come off second best in this scenario. Of course, we also have gold stocks, or more commonly, gold ETF's (Exchange Traded Funds) which are increasingly becoming the popular method of gaining exposure to the metal.
Although, these types of investments appear to have only made things worse as US investors have started shuffling gold ETF funds into other sectors. Perhaps the biggest clue is that ETF's purchased only 60.9m tonnes of gold in the past six months, versus 160.9 tonnes during the same time last year. Technicals As shown on the previous weekly chart, the technicals are noticeably bearish longer-term.
Gold prices are grinding lower to the psychological support level of $1,200 per ounce. Sticking with the longer-term view, if we study the Ichimoku monthly chart above, you'll notice that the $1200 level coincides with the bottom of the cloud formation. I see this going either one or two ways; perhaps we will see the price rebound off this mark and attempt another move towards the $1300 region, or, the slide will turn into an avalanche as the price gravitates towards the $1122.51 lows that were seen in December 2016.
Should we see a close below $1200, I suspect this level will turn to an area of resistance and stifle movement in the short-medium term. As long as the US Dollar holds its ground and investors continue to cherish equities over other asset classes, we will likely see further pressure on gold, silver and commodity trading markets as a whole. By Adam Taylor CFTe This article is written by a GO Markets Analyst and is based on their independent analysis.
They remain fully responsible for the views expressed as well as any remaining error or omissions. Trading Forex and Derivatives carries a high level of risk. Sources: World Gold Council (gold.org), Tradingview, Bloomberg

An Update on Brexit The dust has finally settled after the UK Snap elections and now the United Kingdom can turn their heads to discussions with the European Union about how and on what terms they will leave the Union. The Brexit negotiations officially began on 19 th June in Brussels, the opening day mainly consisted of the timing and structure of the negotiations with actual trade talks expected to begin on 24 th July. One of the main issues that both parties want to get resolved as soon as possible is the status of EU nationals in the UK and the UK citizens living within the European Union.
On 26 th June, Theresa May set out her plans for the EU citizens living in the United Kingdom, advising she wants the EU nationals to stay in the UK. Mrs May outlined that all EU citizens living in the UK before it leaves the EU will be able to apply for a ‘settled status’ but only if the UK citizens will get the same deal within the EU and with the actual trade talks beginning towards the end of July, we should soon see what the details of the Brexit divorce will look like. Financial Markets The Pound When the UK Election results came in, we saw the Pound weakening against the US Dollar as it emerged that Theresa May did not win the majority which meant more uncertainty for Britain going into the Brexit negotiations.
Since then, the Pound has strengthened against the US Dollar, but with the beginning of Brexit talks we can expect some movements in the financial markets in the coming months. Source: GO Markets MT4 FTSE100 We saw the FTSE100 reach record highs at the beginning of June, however since then there has been slight decline in the Index. Source: GO Markets MT4 Economy A lot of people expected the UK economy to slow down drastically after the Brexit vote but instead we saw a steady growth in the months after the result was announced.
The latest economic figures show that UK economy was the worst performer in European Union with economic growth of just 0.2% in the first three months of 2017 with Romania, Latvia and Slovenia with the strongest expansion with 1.7%, 1.6% and 1.5% respectively. However, in terms of year-on-year the UK is still closer to the EU performance and ahead of 19-nation eurozone (EU countries with Euro as their currency). Source: Office for National Statistics Brexit timeline June 2017 saw the start of what looks to be a two year journey which culminates in The United Kingdom leaving the EU.
Source: http://www.parliament.uk/ By: Klavs Valters GO Markets GO Markets may recommend use of software, information, products, or web sites that are owned or operated by other companies (“third-party resources”). We offer or facilitate this recommendation by hyperlinks or other methods to aid your access to the third-party resource. While we endeavor to direct you to helpful, trustworthy resources, we cannot endorse, approve, or guarantee software, information, products, or services provided by or at a third-party resource.
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All eyes will be on the Jackson Hole in Wyoming this week, where the annual Jackson Hole Economic Symposium will be held by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. This years symposium will take place from 23rd until the 25th of August and the topic for the upcoming event will be “Changing Market Structure and Implications for Monetary Policy”. About Jackson Hole Economic Symposium The key feature of the meeting is the discussion that takes place between the participants.
Because of the high-profile participants and the topics that are discussed in the event, there is a considerable interest in the symposium, however, to help foster the open discussion that is critical to the event, the attendance is very limited. The event receives a large number of requests from media agencies worldwide, however, the press presence is also limited to a group that is selected to provide transparency to the symposium. Importance of the event The symposium is closely followed by financial markets participants around the world and over the past decade it has attracted more attention, this is mainly because what has happened in the past.
Some of the biggest monetary policies were initially revealed at the event, although they were not formally announced. During the event, any unexpected comment from any participants can influence the global financial markets. Here are some notable moments from the Jackson Hole Symposium: 2005 – Raghuram Rajan (then the professor at the University of Chicago and former governor of Reserve Bank of India) warned about risks that the financial system had absorbed throughout the years.
Three years later, the US subprime mortgage crisis erupted into the global financial crisis. 2012 – Michael Woodford (macroeconomist and monetary theorist, Columbia University) presented where he said that Fed’s stance on keeping its main interest rate near zero until a certain time would reflect pessimism about the speed of the economy’s recovery. Later that year, the Fed announced it would keep rates near zero until unemployment fell to 6.50% and inflation did not climb above 2.50%. 2014 – Mario Draghi (ECB president) hinted that the ECB was edging closer to embarking on its QE path. During the event, Mario Draghi said that ECB could use ‘all the available instruments’.
His announcement came just two months after ECB introduced negative deposit rates in the Eurozone, the financial markets rallied during his speech at the Jackson Hole. The symposium is a must watch financial market event and it is worth keeping an eye on the discussions and speeches during the event as we may see statements from some of the most influential people from around the world. This year, Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell will headline the event in Jackson Hole with a speech about monetary policy in a changing economy, according to the Fed Board so it’s time to mark your calendars!
Klāvs Valters Market Analyst

The annual Jackson Hole Economic Symposium sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City has been held since 1978. From 1978-1981 it was held at different locations but since 1981 it has been held in Jackson Hole, Wyoming and this year is no exception. From 24 th – 26 th August 2017, the most influential central bankers, finance ministers, academics and other financial participants from around the world will meet again to discuss the issues facing economies around the globe.
About the Jackson Hole Economic Symposium The key feature of the meeting is discussion that takes place between the participants. Because of the high-profile participants and the topics that are discussed in the event, there is a considerable interest in the symposium, however, to help foster the open discussion that is critical to the event, the attendance is very limited. The topic for the upcoming meeting is "Fostering a Dynamic Global Economy".
The event receives a large number of requests from media agencies worldwide, however, the press presence is also limited to a group that is selected to provide transparency to the symposium. Importance of the event The symposium is closely followed by financial markets participants around the world and over the past decade it has attracted more attention, this is mainly because what has happened in the past. Some of the biggest monetary policies were initially revealed at the event, although they were not formally announced.
During the event, any unexpected comment from any participants can influence the global financial markets. Here are some notable moments from Jackson Hole Symposium: 2005 – Raghuram Rajan (then professor at the University of Chicago and former governor of Reserve Bank of India) warned about risks that the financial system had absorbed throughout the years. Three years later, the US subprime mortgage crisis erupted into global financial crisis. 2012 – Michael Woodford (macroeconomist and monetary theorist, Columbia University) presented where he said that Fed’s stance on keeping its main interest rate near zero until a certain time would reflect pessimism about the speed of the economy’s recovery.
Later that year, the Fed announced it would keep rates near zero until unemployment fell to 6.50% and inflation did not climb above 2.50%. 2014 – Mario Draghi (ECB president) hinted that the ECB was edging closer to embarking on its QE path. During the event, Mario Draghi said that ECB could use ‘all the available instruments’. His announcement came just two months after ECB introduced negative deposit rates in the Eurozone, the financial markets rallied during his speech at the Jackson Hole.
The symposium is a must watch financial market event and it is worth keeping an eye on the discussions and speeches during the event as we may see statements from some of the most influential people from around the world, including FED’s Janet Yellen and ECB’s Mario Draghi, to name a few which could create some volatility in the markets. By: Klavs Valters GO Markets
